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Interets de la determination de l'activite de la CK et de la CK MB comme facteurs diagnostique et predictif dans l'infarctus du myocarde en Afrique par rapport aux nouveaux marqueurs

P.A. Diop*, M. Sylla-Niang, P. Lopez-Sall, A. Cisse, D. Haudrechy, A.O. Fagbemi
*Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Dakar, Senegal

Biochimica Clinica: 2000; 24(5): 397-400 [Article in french]

ABSTRACT. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of creatine kinase (CPK), on of its isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), have been studied in a group of 30 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the critical care unit of the Principale Hospital in Dakar (Senegal). Upon admission (about 2 hours after pain onset) sensitivities were 67% (CK-MB) and 74% (CPK); sensitivity increased to 82% in the time span of a day, and reached its peak value within 48 hours. For CPK, the positive predictive value was 74%, the negative predictive value was 89%. The determination of CPK and of CK-MB enzyme activities may be of some advantage in countries with limited resources, ware measurements of troponins, myglobin and CK-MB(mass) are not available.

Correlazione in pazienti coronaropatici tra tocoferolo, retinolo e parametri biochimici

G. Magrì, N. Marchese, G. Musso, S. Canini, E. Baghino, C. Rapetto, E. Bovina
Dipartimento di Patologia Clinica, Laboratorio di Chimica Clinica - USL1 P.O. di Imperia

Biochimica Clinica: 2000; 24(5): 401-404 [Article in italian]

ABSTRACT. Some epidemiological studies shown an association between dietary intake or high serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and lower rate of ischaemic heart disease. Results from clinical trials of beta-carotene supplementation, which in the man was reducted reversibly to retinol from carotene, showed no cardiovascular benefit, although several observational studies have found an inverse association between carotenoid intake or plasma level and risk of coronary hearth disease. The benefit reported in the observational studies may be due to consumption in foods rich in beta-carotene rather than the beta-carotene itself. The evidence for a cardiovascular benefit of antioxidants is strongest for Vitamin E. We investigated the role of the antioxidants more important as alfa-tocoferol, retinol and their relationship with other parameters, frequently assayed in coronary hearth disease, as Cholestero, AspartateAminotransferase, AlanineAminotransferase, Apoliprotein A-I, Apolipoprotein B in patients affected by acute myocardial infarction.

Chimica secca (analizzatore vitros 250) e chimica liquida (analizzatore CX5): confronto dei risultati nella misura di 8 componenti del siero

Gilda Angelini*, Adele Rulli, Renato Mancinelli, Corrado Romano e Giuseppe Nubile
*Laboratori Analisi ASL Chieti

Biochimica Clinica: 2000; 24(5): 405-407 [Article in italian]

ABSTRACT. We compared the results obtained with two analyzers based respectively on dry chemistry (Vitros 250) and conventional liquid chemistry (Beckman CX5) in the measurement of eight serum components: urea nitrogen, glucose, triglycerides, total proteins, creatinine, cholesterol, calcium and phosphate. By applying statistical tests appropriate to the kind of distribution (either symmetric or not) the differences for the first four analytes proved not significant, whilst those for the last four proved significant. However, (linear) regression/correlation analysis gave intercept and slope values not very different from ideal and showed significant correlation for all the analytes, with the exception of calcium. In conclusion, the substitution of dry for conventional liquid chemistry does not seem to have any significant impact on the clinical meaning of measurement results.

Tecnica EMIT II: ottimizzazione delle misure di sostanze d'abuso nelle urine

Giovanni Cangiano*, Annunziata Ciafrone, Rossella Garofano, Daniela Giardiello, Rosario Romano, Mario Petrella, Luigi Vrenna
Dipartimento Farmacodipendenze A.S.L. Napoli - Polo Laboratoristico Tossicologico 'P.O. Ascalesi'

Biochimica Clinica: 2000; 24(5): 408-414 [Article in italian]

ABSTRACT. Aim of this work was to optimize the application of the EMIT II technique to the measurement of drugs-of-abuse concentrations in urine, in the context of the activities of Drug Addiction Services (SERT). The modifications of the analytical protocols, concerning the analytical volumes (samples and reagents) and the intervals of calibrators concentrations, led to analytical conditions more suitable for a correct evaluation of therapeutic monitoring.

Valutazione comparativa di differenti metodi per la misura della concentrazione di attivitą catalitica della colinesterasi del siero

Mauro Panteghini*, Roberto Bonora, Carlo Alberto Ferrero, Paola Luraschi, Andrea Mosca, Martina Zaninotto, Carlo Franzini per la Commissione Enzimi della Societa' Italiana di Biochimica Clinica e Biologia Molecolare Clinica (SIBioC)
Laboratorio Analisi Chimico Cliniche 1, Azienda Ospedaliera 'Spedali Civili', Brescia

Biochimica Clinica: 2000; 24(5): 415-420 [Article in italian]

ABSTRACT. Seven methods for the measurement of the catalytic activity of cholinesterase in serum, using different substrates, have been comparatively evaluated. 152 native sera, covering the interval of (normal and pathological) values observed in the clinical laborartory have been used for such an evaluation. With rare exceptions, the analytical imprecision was within the limits predicted on the basis of biological variability. The relative accuracy of the methods was evaluated by comparing each of them, in turn, with the butyrylthiocholine-based method, and analyzing the results by means of regression/correlation studies. In spite of different numerical values, satisfactory correlations were shown, pointing out to substantially similar ability of the methods to separate low from normal values. These results are considered an important premise to a study in progress, aiming at evaluating the ability of the different methods to recognise the carriers of genetic enzyme defects, by means of simple measurement of total (uninhibited) serum cholinesterase activity.

Isoenzimi dell'amilasi: laboratorio e clinica

Mauro Panteghini*, Franca Pagani
Laboratorio Analisi Chimico Cliniche 1, Azienda Ospedaliera 'Spedali Civili', Brescia

Biochimica Clinica: 2000; 24(5): 421-430 [Article in italian]

ABSTRACT. a-Amilase catalyses the hydrolysis of starch, glycogen, and related poly- and oligosaccharides. The end products formed are dextrins, maltose, and some glucose. In man, the enzyme is secreted by the salivary and pancreatic glands into the digestive tract, but small amounts are also present in blood and urine. The concentrations in biological fluids significantly increase during organ diseases, such as acute pancreatitis or salivary gland inflammation. The determination of amylase may therefore have clinical value, even if it is well known the lack of specificity of this assay for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Consequently, the differential measurement of the amylase isoenzymes represents in many cases a clinical need. This review considers the state of the art of these determinations and their clinical utility, focusing mainly on pancreatic molecular form.

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